What is the point of butyric acid?
Keep reading to discover more about the various potential advantages of butyric acid and what studies have revealed about this remarkable compound so far.
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Early indications appear highly encouraging. Ongoing research is investigating the capability of butyric acid to enhance gut health and its overall impact on human physiology.
Current research has been limited, particularly when focused on human subjects, and more extensive studies are necessary to comprehend the full spectrum of butyric acid’s health benefits.
This fatty acid is present in animal fats and vegetable oils; however, the concentrations in dietary sources like butter and ghee are minor relative to the quantities your gut generates independently.
Butyric acid, also known by names such as butyrate or butanoic acid, is a short-chain fatty acid produced from the fermentation of dietary fiber by beneficial bacteria residing in your gut.
Its primary health benefits, along with other short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), stem from their role in supplying energy to the cells in your colon. In fact, butyric acid fulfills around 70% of the energy demands of these colon cells.
SCFAs are a category of saturated fatty acids formed when probiotic bacteria ferment dietary fibers. Among various SCFAs, butyric acid constitutes one of the three predominant types found in the gut, alongside acetic acid and propionic acid.
Most people are familiar with the idea that a fiber-rich diet supports digestive health. One explanation for this is that a higher fiber consumption leads to enhanced production of butyric acid in the colon.
Although more clinical evidence is required, preliminary research indicates that butyric acid may bear several health benefits, as discussed below.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Crohn’s Disease
Insights from some studies hint that butyric acid supplements might function as a treatment for conditions like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and Crohn’s disease. In one double-blind, randomized placebo trial, 66 participants with IBS were administered either 300 milligrams daily of sodium butyrate or a placebo. After four weeks, individuals taking butyric acid reported a significant drop in abdominal discomfort.
In another investigation, 13 patients suffering from Crohn’s disease took 4 grams of butyric acid each day for eight weeks. By the conclusion of the treatment period, 9 out of the 13 participants exhibited symptom relief.
Colon Cancer
Research exploring butyric acid’s potential role in preventing or treating colon cancer has mainly been conducted on animal models or isolated cells. For example, one study demonstrated that sodium butyrate inhibited the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells while also escalating the rate of cell death.
Researchers propose that a greater intake of dietary fiber—which boosts butyric acid levels in the gut—may lower the risk of colon cancer. However, further human-based studies are essential to draw definitive conclusions on this subject.
Insulin Sensitivity
It has been observed that individuals with type 2 diabetes often experience reduced populations of butyric acid-producing gut bacteria. Animal-based studies have suggested that increasing dietary fiber consumption may enhance insulin sensitivity and mitigate obesity risk.
At this stage, however, substantial evidence indicating that boosting butyric acid levels in humans similarly influences insulin sensitivity is scant.
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