ADSS Fiber Optic Cable: What You Should Know - STL Tech

ADSS (All-dielectric Self-supporting) optical fibre cable is atype of self-supporting aerial fiber optic cable designed for aerial installation and deployment and is suitable for various outdoor applications. This thorough overview will cover the definition, structure, benefits, and applications of ADSS fiber cables.

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What is an ADSS Fiber Optic Cable?

All-dielectric self-supporting optic cable is another name for ADSS fiber optic cable. There are two modes in optical fiber; single-mode and multimode fiber.

The self-supporting type indicates that the optic cable’s reinforcing member can withstand its weight and external load, has high mechanical strength, and can withstand the strong electric environment’s impact.

A comprehensive transmission circuit infrastructure with high-reliability performance is provided by the ADSS fiber optic cable system, which includes cables, suspension, dead-end, and termination enclosures.

What are the benefits of an ADSS cable?

In most cases, ADSS cable will provide an efficient and optimal solution for aerial cabling or outside plant (OSP) deployments.However, the most remarkable advantages of optical fibre are:

• Its dependability and low fiber cable price.
• A fiber optic cable is strong enough to allow installation lengths of up to 700 meters between support towers.
• ADSS cable is lightweight and small in diameter to reduce the load on tower structures caused by cable weight, wind, and ice.
• To maintain low optical loss throughout the cable’s life, the internal glass optical fibres are supported with no strain in the cable’s design.
• The cable is jacketed to protect the fibers from moisture.
• The jacket also shields the polymer strength elements from the effects of UV light from the sun.
• Circuits up to 100 km long are possible without repeaters using single-mode fibre cables and light wavelengths of or nanometers.
• A single cable can transport up to 144 fibers.

Structures of ADSS Cable

ADSS cable structures are classified into two types of optical fibre:

1. Central Tube Design

The fiber network in this design is placed in a PBT loose tube that is filled with water-blocking material. Then, depending on the desired tensile strength, they are wrapped in aramid yarn and extruded with a PE (110KV electric field strength) or AT (100KV electric field strength) sheath. Of the two fibre cable types, thisstructure has a small diameter and is light in weight, but it has limited lengths.

Central Tube Design

2. Stranded Structure Design

In a stranded structure design, the water-blocking grease and inner optical fibers are added to the loose fiber tube, and different loose tubes are coiled around the central reinforcement (usually FRP). The rest of the fiber optic wire is essentially the same as the central tube structure.

Between both fiber optic cable types, the lattercan produce a longer fibre length. Despite its large diameter and weight, an ADSS fiber optic cable with this structure is better suited for long-distance applications.

Stranded Structure Design

ADSS Cable Installation

ADSS fiber optic cable or types of OFC cable is a self-supporting fibre network cable that does not require any support when moving power from one location to another. These cables, while self-supporting, are typically installed on utility poles and power lines with the help of a fiber cable connector. Among ADSS fibre optic installation accessories are:

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• Tension assemblies (clips),
• Optical distribution frames (ODFs)/optical termination boxes (OTBs),
• Suspension assemblies (clips),
• Outdoor junction boxes (closures),
• Optical termination boxes,
• any other

ADSS fibre anchoring clamps can be conveniently utilised during fiber optic cable installation as individual cable dead-end clamps at end poles or as an intermediate (double dead-end) clamp.

Applications of ADSS cables

ADSS cable was originally derived from military lightweight, rugged deployable (LRD) fiber wires. The advantages of fibre optic cable are many.

ADSS fibre optic cable is now used in aerial installations for short-span, typically on roadside power distribution poles, thanks to continuous improvements in technology such as fiber cable internet. Because it is non-metallic, the ADSS cable is ideal for applications near high-voltage power distribution lines, for which it has become a standard.

Circuits up to 100 km long are possible without repeaters using single-mode fibre and light wavelengths of nm or nm. ADSS OFC cable was typically used in 48 and 96 cores.

A typical ADSS fibre optic network cabling scenario.

Conclusion

ADSS fibre cables provide an optimal solution for a wider range of fiber counts and span lengths, therefore increasing the application of optic fibre in aerial cabling system designers in telecommunications, private network groups, etc.

With increased activity in OSP (outside plant) network deployment, a wide range of fiber optic cable types emerged to fulfill different construction needs. One of those types is ADSS (all-dielectric self-supporting) cable, which we will discuss further.

All-dielectric refers to the use of all-dielectric material (means one that has non-metallic non-conducting properties, with an insulating material that resists the passage of electric current through the cable. The self-supporting refers to the ability of the reinforcing member of the optical cable to withstand its own weight and external load. ADSS cable is, mainly, used on power pole frames, so it is required to have high mechanical strength and be able to endure the impact of strong electric environments.

To sum it up, we can say that the biggest cons of ADSS cable type are:

• It is self-supportive and does not utilize metallic elements that are conductive;
• Its installation costs are lower compared to OPGW (optical ground wire) and OPAC (optical attached cable);
• It has amazing mechanical strength, low weight, can handle external load and suitable for high loading and unloading cycle;
• Its aramid yarn increase cable’s tensile performance, as well as temperature performance under unfavorable weather;
• Design specific to application needs

In addition to that, ADSS cables are available in various sizes such as mini-span, aerial drop, standard and flat drop size. As with all optic fiber cables, ADSS cables available in single-mode and multi-mode. On one hand, single-mode ADSS cable is about 9µm diameter which allows one path of light, unlimited bandwidth (which can cover long distance), and finds usefulness in long distances applications such as in companies; creating a connection between switching offices. On the other hand, ADSS multi-mode cables are available in two forms: the 50µm cable and the 62.5µm cable. They both permit multiple paths of light, the same application areas such as adding segments to the existing network, simple alarm system, and many more. They both have limited bandwidth. However, the bandwidth of the 50µm is three times wider than that of 62.5µm cable. In addition, both types of cable could occur in simplex and duplex forms. Simplex ADSS cable finds application primarily in data transfer, duplex usually finds its application in simultaneous bi-directional data transfer such as fiber switch, modem and server.

   1 - Optic fibers
   2 - Steel wire in sheath
   3 - Outer sheath of halogen-free flame retardant polymer composition with low smoke emission

   1 - Central dielectric strength element
   2 - Optic fibers
   3 - Tube of fiber optic module
   4 - PET film winding
   5 - Extended strength member (rope)
   6 - Polyethylene outer sheath

ADSS cable usually consists of few non-metallic strength members (main and/or peripheral) and gel-filled central tube with optic fibers, all covered in defensive outer sheath. Design and form vary according to specific needs, but main components, usually are the same.

Mounting and fastening of ADSS cables
Even though ADSS cable itself is quite durable, the correct choice of mounting\fastening devices is crucial to ensure or even extend the desirable service life of the cable. Anchoring clamps can be used as cable dead-end at end-poles (using individual clamp) or can be installed as intermediate (double dead-end) clamp at:

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• jointing poles
• intermediate angle poles, where the cable route deviates by more than 20°
• intermediate poles, where two connecting spans are different in lengths, to equalize tension
• intermediate poles on mountain or hilly landscapes